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# Docker Compose File Guide
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## Overview
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The Docker Compose file is a YAML file defining services, networks, and volumes. This file is used to spin up multiple containers at once using docker-compose CLI tool. It's designed to be a part of your development process rather than being deployed on its own.
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In this guide, we will explore the `docker-compose.yml` file in detail and provide steps for its installation and usage.
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## Understanding Docker Compose File
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Let's take a look at an example of a docker compose file:
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```yaml
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version: '3'
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services:
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db:
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image: 'jc21/mariadb-aria:latest'
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container_name: npm-db
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restart: unless-stopped
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env_file: .env
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environment:
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- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
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- MYSQL_DATABASE=${MYSQL_DATABASE}
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- MYSQL_USER=${MYSQL_USER}
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- MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_PASSWORD}
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- MARIADB_AUTO_UPGRADE=1
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volumes:
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- ./data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
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networks:
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- proxy
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- proxydb
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healthcheck:
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test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "localhost", "-u${MYSQL_USER}", "-p${MYSQL_PASSWORD}"]
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interval: 20s
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timeout: 5s
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retries: 5
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start_period: 30s
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app:
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image: 'jc21/nginx-proxy-manager:latest'
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container_name: nginx-proxy-manager
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restart: unless-stopped
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env_file: .env
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environment:
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- TZ=${TZ}
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- DB_MYSQL_HOST=db
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- DB_MYSQL_PORT=3306
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- DB_MYSQL_USER=${MYSQL_USER}
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- DB_MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_PASSWORD}
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- DB_MYSQL_NAME=${MYSQL_DATABASE}
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ports:
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- '80:80'
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- '81:81'
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- '443:443'
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volumes:
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- ./data/npm:/data
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- ./data/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt
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depends_on:
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- db
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networks:
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- proxy
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- proxydb
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healthcheck:
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test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:81/api/status"]
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interval: 20s
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timeout: 5s
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retries: 5
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start_period: 40s
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networks:
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proxy:
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external: true
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proxydb:
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external: true
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```
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This Docker Compose file defines two services, `db` and `app`. Each service is defined with its own configuration such as the image to use, ports to expose, volumes to mount, etc. It also has a network section where it lists the networks that these services should connect to.
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.env
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```yaml
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MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=rhDGjilZm6XEMJ
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MYSQL_DATABASE=npm
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MYSQL_USER=npm
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MYSQL_PASSWORD=rhDGjilZm6XEMJ
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# TZ for container timezone
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TZ=America/New_York
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```
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## Installation Guide
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1. **Install Docker**: Follow instructions on the official [Docker website](https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/) for your specific operating system.
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2. **Install Docker Compose**: On Linux, run `sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose` followed by `sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose`. On Windows or MacOS, follow the instructions on [Docker Compose's Github page](https://github.com/docker/compose).
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3. **Pull Docker Images**: Before running docker-compose up, make sure to pull all necessary images with `docker-compose pull` command.
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## Running the Services
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4. **Running the services**: In your terminal, navigate to the directory containing your docker-compose file and run `docker-compose up -d`. This will start all the services defined in the compose file.
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5. **Checking the running status of services**: You can check the status of running services with `docker-compose ps` command.
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Remember to replace placeholders like `${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}`, `${MYSQL_DATABASE}`, and `${MYSQL_USER}`, etc., in your environment variables files (.env) with actual values before starting the services. Also, ensure all paths mentioned in volumes section exist on your system or adjust them accordingly.
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## Conclusion
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With this guide you should now have a solid understanding of Docker Compose file and how to use it for running multi-container applications. It's worth noting that Docker Compose is just one tool among many, each having its own strengths and weaknesses depending on the specific use case.
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